一、安装数据库

1、导入镜像：

说明：考虑到从网上镜像不好下载，采用导入镜像方式，镜像可从我百度网盘下载：

通过网盘分享的文件：mysql-5.7.32.tar

链接:
https://pan.baidu.com/s/1a2EyfNbGzT4yEhs323qDkg 提取码: zbit

下载下来镜像后用下面命令导入。

docker load < D:\soft\java\docker\images\mysql-5.7.32.tar
或
docker load -i D:\soft\java\docker\images\mysql-5.7.32.tar

截屏如下

查看本地docker镜像

docker images

-----------

2、创建mysql容器并运行

先创建 D:\data\dockerData\mysql5.7.32\conf文件夹、 D:\data\dockerData\mysql5.7.32\log和 D:\data\dockerData\mysql5.7.32\data 文件夹，D:\data\dockerData\mysql5.7.32\conf下面创建my.cnf配置文件。

说明：

mysql5.7.32默认没有创建my.cnf配置文件，如果需要可手动添加，放到 /mysql5.7.32/conf 下面。

配置文件如下：

# Copyright (c) 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2.0,
# as published by the Free Software Foundation.
#
# This program is also distributed with certain software (including
# but not limited to OpenSSL) that is licensed under separate terms,
# as designated in a particular file or component or in included license
# documentation.  The authors of MySQL hereby grant you an additional
# permission to link the program and your derivative works with the
# separately licensed software that they have included with MySQL.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License, version 2.0, for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/
root@689036e28de4:/etc/mysql# pwd

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
#日志文件，如果没有需要手动创建，并赋予相应写权限，否则会导致mysql启动失败。
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
lower_case_table_names=1
max_connections = 2000
max_allowed_packet=500M
# 设置时区为当前时间
default-time_zone = '+8:00'

给文件夹赋予权限

本次我给所有用户赋予了写权限

#（注意一定要设置时区） default-time_zone = '+8:00'

再运行如下命令。

docker run -d -p 13306:3306 --name mysql --restart=always  --privileged=true  -v /d/data/dockerData/mysql5.7.32/conf:/etc/mysql  -v /d/data/dockerData/mysql5.7.32/data:/var/lib/mysql  -v /d/data/dockerData/mysql5.7.32/log:/var/log  -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=MyStrogePwd@0418  mysql:5.7.32 

说明：

--privileged=true 设置权限，否则容器启动不起来

在 Windows 系统中，路径通常以盘符开头（如 D:/），而在 Linux 系统中，路径以 / 开头。Docker 容器基于 Linux 环境运行，因此挂载路径需要符合 Linux 的路径格式。

例如：windows中路径是：D:\data\dockerData，则需要写成：/d/data/dockerData

执行结果截屏如下：

++++++以下是确认 my.cnf data log等目录路径++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

进入Docker容器内

docker exec -it mysql bash

确定Docker内 MySQL 文件相关路径

查找my.cnf

1、Linux下MySQL的配置文件是my.cnf，一般会放在/etc/my.cnf，/etc/mysql/my.cnf。如果找不到，可以用find命令查找。

2、mysql help命令

# Docker内，MySQL配置文件my.cnf的位置

mysql --help | grep my.cnf

# 显示如下,意思是路径按优先排序，会是在以下路径里：

order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT, /etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf

# 配置文件的路径不一定都一样，有些文章介绍的位置是在/etc/my.cnf。而我的docker虚拟机系统上，实际存在位置是在/etc/mysql/my.cnf

3、docker登录到mysql

docker exec-it mysql bash

4、相关命令

停止正在运行中的容器

docker stop 容器的id（或names）

启动容器

docker start 容器id（或names）

二、创建数据库实例和用户

1、创建数据库实例

使用 sqlyol的UI界面创建一个数据库，命名为wsclc，指定其默认字符集为 utf8，默认排序规则为 utf8_general_ci（简体中文，不区分大小写），输入的 SQL 语句与执行结果如下所示：

CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS wsclc DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

2、执行sql语句创建相关表。

截屏如下：